Wednesday, August 8, 2012

Pathophysiology - Meniere's Disease

MENIERE’S DISEASE
  • term given to the episodic symptoms created by fluctuation in the production or reabsorption of fluid in the ear
Cause
  • Unknown
Signs and symptoms
  • Vertigo
  • Nausea
  • Tinnitus
  • Headache
  • Sensory hearing loss, usually unilateral
  • Nystagmus during attacks
Treatment
  • Specific drugs may include the following
    • Meclizine (Antivert) – antihistamine, suppresses the vestibular system
    • Diazepam or other tranquilizers – to help control vertigo in acute episodes
    • Promethazine (Phenergan) – anti vertigo effect
  • Low sodium diet
  • Bed rest during acute attacks
  • Surgical procedures – indicated for incapacitated clients
    • Labyrinthectomy
    • Transtympanic gentamycin treatment
    • Vestibular nerve section
Nursing Management
  • Administer prescribed drugs during an attack
  • Encourage client not to move rapidly
  • Protect from surgery during attacks
  • Care of the client following a total labyrinthectomy
  • Maintain bed rest in the presence of severe vertigo
  • Instruct client to avoid sudden movements
  • Explain that Bell’s palsy may occur post op but will subside within a few months
  • Teach client that foods high in sodium should be avoided

1 comment:

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